To give theoretical support and guideline for the fabrication of spacer with good electrical strength, a comprehensive multi-level design strategy based on the optimization of electric field (E field) distribution was proposed. Numerical simulation was conducted on a 550 kV AC spacer model. On the preliminary design stage, an overall profile of convex and concave of the spacer was gained through shape optimization. Thereafter, topology optimization was applied to the optimized structure to achieve proper permittivity spatial distribution, which could further relieve electrical stress by the proactive regulation of E field. On the basis of the overall optimized results gained by shape and topology optimization, parameter optimization was carried out on the detailed design stage to achieve the optimal permittivity value and the best geometrical parameters of some key parts like the length of metal insert. Simulation results indicate that the proposed comprehensive optimization strategy could make full use of design space, realizing a “1+1>2” effect by combining the optimization of structure and dielectric distribution. The maximum E field of the convex and concave of optimal insulator could be decreased by 24.2% and 28.6% comparing with original structure, and the overall surface electric field distribution is remarkably improved.
KEY WORDS :structure optimization;dielectric distribution optimization;spacer; field regulation;functionally graded material;
图10
凸面电场分布及最大模值随高介电区εi变化规律
Fig. 10
Changes of E field profile and maximum value on convex of spacer with permittivity on concave of spacer with permittivity
[1]
严璋,朱德恒.[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2015:187-190.YanZhang,ZhuDeheng.[M].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2015:187-190(in Chinese).
[2]
MorcosM,WardS,AnisH,et al.,2000(16):25-37.
[3]
陈维江,赵军,边凯,等.GIS变电站开关操作瞬态电磁骚扰研究进展[J].中国电机工程学报,2019,39(16):4935-4948+4996.ChenWeijiang,ZhaoJun,BianKai,et al.Research progress on transient electromagnetic disturbance due to switching operations in GIS substation[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2019,39(16):
[4]
邵先军,詹江杨,常丁戈,等.550kV GIS盆式绝缘子多气泡放电的测试与诊断[J].,2020,46(2):554-560.ShaoXianjun,ZhanJiangyang,ChangDingge,et al.Test and diagnosis of multiple voids discharge for 550 kV GIS insulation spacer[J].,2020,46(2):554-560(in Chinese).
[5]
高克利,颜湘莲,刘焱,等.环保气体绝缘管道技术研究进展[J].,2020,35(1):3-20.GaoKeli,YanXianglian,LiuYan,et al.Progress of technology for environment-friendly gas insulated transmission line[J].,2020,35(1):3-20(in Chinese).
[7]
XueJianyi,WangHan,FanXiaofeng,et al.Surface charge distribution patterns of a truncated cone-type spacer for HVDC GIL/GIS[J].,2018,12(4):436-442.
[8]
ZhangBoya,LiXingwen,WangTianyu,et al.Surface charging characteristics of GIL model spacers under DC stress in C4F7N/CO2 gas mixture[J].,2020,27(2):597-605.
[9]
许渊,刘卫东,陈维江,等.交流GIS绝缘子表面亚毫米级金属颗粒的运动和局部放电特性[J].中国电机工程学报,2019,39(14):4315-4324+4334.XuYuan,LiuWeidong,ChenWeijiang,et al.Motion characteristics and partial discharge characteristics of submillimeter metal particles on the surface of AC GIS spacer[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2019,39(14):
[10]
张欣,李高扬,黄荣辉,等.不同运行年限的GIS缺陷率统计分析与运维建议[J].,2016,52(3):184-188.ZhangXin,LiGaoyang,HuangRonghui,et al.Statistical analysis of defects and maintenance advice for GIS in different operating years above 110 kV[J].,2016,52(3):184-188(in Chinese).
[11]
杨为,朱太云,田宇,等.直流电压下盆式绝缘子电荷积聚与电场过渡特性[J].,2020,46(6):1978-1985.YangWei,ZhuTaiyun,TianYu,et al.Charge accumulation and electric field transition characteristics of basin insulator under DC voltage[J].,2020,46(6):1978-1985(in Chinese).
[12]
李立浧,饶宏,董旭柱,等.计算高电压工程学的思考与展望[J].,2018,44(11):3441-3453.LiLicheng,RaoHong,DongXuzhu,et al.Prospect of computational high voltage engineering[J].,2018,44(11):3441-3453(in Chinese).
[13]
阮江军,张宇,张宇娇,等.电气设备电磁多物理场数值仿真研究与应用[J].,2020,46(3):739-756.RuanJiangjun,ZhangNing,ZhangYujiao,et al.Numerical simulation research and applications of electromagnetic multiphysical field for electrical equipment[J].,2020,46(3):739-756(in Chinese).
[14]
曹云东,刘晓明,刘冬,等.动态神经网络法及在多变量电器优化设计中的研究[J].,2006,26(8):112-116.CaoYundong,LiuXiaoming,LiuDong,et al.Investigation of a dynamic neural network approach and its application of multivariable optimization to electrical apparatus[J].,2006,26(8):112-116(in Chinese).
[15]
马爱清,杨秀,陆鑫淼,等.GIS盘式绝缘子三维电场计算及其逆问题分析[J].,2010,36(5):1217-1221.MaAiqing,YangXiu,LuXinmiao,et al.3D electric field calculation and its inverse problem analysis of disk-type insulator in GIS[J].,2010,36(5):1217-1221(in Chinese).
[16]
杜进桥,张施令,李乃一,等.特高压交流盆式绝缘子电场分布计算及屏蔽罩结构优化[J].,2013,39(12):3037-3043.DuJInqiao,ZhangShiling,LiNaiyi,et al.Electrical field distribution and shielding electrode structure optimization of UHVAC basin-type insulator[J].,2013,39(12):3037-3043(in Chinese).
[17]
贾云飞,高璐,汲胜昌,等.基于有限元仿真和遗传算法的1100kV盆式绝缘子电气、机械性能综合优化[J].,2019,45(12):3844-3853.JiaYunfei,GaoLu,JiShengchang,et al.Comprehensive optimization of electrical and mechanical performance of 1100kV basin-type insulator based on genetic algorithm and finite element simulation[J].,2019,45(12):3844-3853(in Chinese).
[18]
OkuboH.Enhancement of electrical insulation performance in power equipment based on dielectric material properties[J].,2012,19(3):733-754.
[19]
张冠军,李文栋,刘哲,等.介电功能梯度材料在电气绝缘领域的研究进展[J].,2017,37(14):4232-4245.ZhangGuanjun,LiWendong,LiuZhe,et al.Research progress on dielectric functionally graded materials for electrical insulation[J].,2017,37(14):4232-4245(in Chinese).
[20]
DuBoxue,WangZehua,LiJin,et al.Epoxy insulator with surface graded-permittivity by magnetron sputtering for gas-insulated line[J].,2020,27(1):197-205.
[21]
LiChuanyang,LinChuanjie,HuJun,et al.Novel HVDC spacers by adaptively controlling surface charges - part I:Charge transport and control strategy[J].,2018,25(4):1238-1247.
[23]
王闯,赵朗,孙青,等.界面涂层对特高压GIS盆式绝缘子导体-绝缘盆体界面处电场调控[J].,2020,46(3):799-806.WangChuang,ZhaoLang,SunQing,et al.Interface coating to regulate electric field at the interface of central conductor and insulation basin of UHV GIS spacer[J].,2020,46(3):799-806(in Chinese).
[24]
李文栋,刘哲,有晓宇,等.叠层式介电功能梯度绝缘子的介电常数分布优化[J].,2016,50(10):19-26.LiWendong,LiuZhe,YouXiaoyu,et al.Permittivity distribution optimization for multi-layer dielectric FGM insulator[J].,2016,50(10):19-26(in Chinese).
[25]
LiXiaoran,LiuZhe,LiWendong,et al.3D Printing fabrication of conductivity non-uniform insulator for surface flashover mitigation[J].,2019,26(4):1172-1180.
[26]
LiWendong,LiXiaoran,GuoBaohong,et al.Topology optimization of truncated cone insulator with graded permittivity using variable density method[J].,2019,26(1):1-9.
[28]
吴泽华,王浩然,田汇冬,等.特高压GIL哑铃型三支柱绝缘子优化设计方法[J].,2020,44(7): 2754-2761.WuZehua,WangHaoran,TianHuidong,et al.Optimization design method for 1100 kV UHVAC GIL dumbbell type tri-post insulators[J].,,2020,44(7):2754-2761(in Chinese).
[29]
段大鹏,赵承楠,詹花茂,等.252kV GIS盆式绝缘子金属法兰开孔的电场分析及优化设计[J].,2013,49(9):74-79.DuanDapeng,ZhaoChengnan,ZhanHuamao,et al.Electric field simulation and optimization design of the metal flange pouring hole of basin-type insulator in 252kV GIS[J].,2013,49(9):74-79(in Chinese).