GE Guowei1, ZHANG Penghao1, CHENG Xian1, YANG Peiyuan2, WANG Huaqing2
1.College of Electrical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China 2.Henan Engineering Research Center of Power Transmission & Distribution Equipment and Electrical Insulation, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
基金项目:
国家自然科学基金项目(51407163, 51777025);
中国博士后科学基金项目(2017M622370);
河南省高校重点科研项目(16A470014,19A470008);
Project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (51407163, 51777025);
China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2017M622370);
Key Scientific Research Projects of Colleges and Universities in Henan Province(16A470014, 9A470008);
In order to investigate the influence of the residual magnetic field on the vacuum arc development and post arc dielectric recovery strength, the transient magnetic field model of the 10 kV vacuum interrupters (VIs) with the axial magnetic field (AMF) contact was established. The magnetic field distribution and the phase shift of the 10kV VIs with AMF were analyzed. The influence of the eddy current at CZ was obtained. The residual magnetic field compensation method was proposed with external applied pulsed magnetic control, which is designed based on the Helmholtz coil. The pulse width is about 0.5ms while the magnitude can be adjusted from -50mT to 50mT. The experimental platform of residual magnetic compensation at CZ for AMF VIs is established. The influence of the CZ external pulsed magnetic field on the arc development, the post-arc current and the breaking ability is investigated. The experimental results show that when the current is 10kA, the residual magnetic of the vacuum interrupter is 11.91~22.93mT, and the phase shift is 0.46~0.92ms. It is verified by experiments that the breaking capacity of the vacuum interrupter is increased by 7.8% with residual magnetic compensation. The study provides a reference for the optimization of the vacuum interrupters and magnetic field compensation at CZ.
KEY WORDS :residual magnetic field;vacuum interrupters;magnetic field compensation;post-arc characteristic;vacuum arcs;
0 引言
真空开关以其优越的灭弧性能、环保性、免维护等优点在配电领域得到广泛应用[1]。近年来,真空开关零区特性成为专家学者们研究的焦点[2-4]。国内一些研究机构已针对真空开关零区电压分布开展了很多研究[5-6]。目前,商业应用的真空灭弧室触头结构主要包括纵磁(axial magnetic field,AMF)触头和横磁(transverse magnetic field,TMF)触头。TMF对真空电弧产生切向力,使真空电弧在触头面上做高速旋转,其旋转速度约为70~370m/s,从而减小电弧对触头局部烧蚀,而AMF避免了大电流真空电弧阳极斑点的形成,迫使电弧转变为扩散电弧模式[7-9]。通常AMF的触头比TMF的触头具有更大的开断能力[10]。
[1]
王季梅. [M].北京:机械工业出版社,2008:1-19.WangJimei. [M].Beijing:Machinery Industry Press,2008:1-19(in Chinese).
[2]
ChenYi,YangFei,SunHao,et al.Influence of the axial magnetic field on sheath development after current zero in a vacuum circuit breaker[J].,2017,19(6):24-29.
[3]
乔榛,郭自德,顾巍,等.高压断路器零区测量系统的开发与应用[J].,2017,43(06):2055-2061.QiaoWei,GuoZide,GuWei,et al.Development and application of zero zone measurement system for high voltage circuit breaker[J].,2017,43(06):2055-2061(in Chinese).
[4]
荣命哲,吴翊,杨飞,等.开关电弧电流零区非平衡态等离子体仿真研究现状[J].,2017,32(2):1-12.RongMingzhe, WuWei, YangFei, et al.Current status of non-equilibrium plasma simulation of switching arc current zero zone[J].,2017,32(2):1-12(in Chinese).
[5]
葛国伟,程显,廖敏夫,等.串联真空开关磁场调控对动态电压分布影响研究[J].,2018,38(23):7089-7097.GeGuowei,ChengXian,LiaoMinfu,et al.Study on the effect of magnetic field regulation on dynamic voltage distribution in series vacuum switches[J].,2018,38(23):7089-7097(in Chinese).
[6]
舒胜文,阮江军,黄道春,等.双断口真空断路器的瞬态恢复电压分配机理与均压电容研究[J].,2012,36(11):252-259.ShuShengwen,RuanJiangjun,HuangDaochun,et al.Study on the transient recovery voltage distribution mechanism and voltage sharing capacitance of double- break vacuum circuit breakers[J].,2012,36(11):252-259(in Chinese).
[7]
GentschD,ShangW.High-speed observations of arc modes and material erosion on RMF- and AMF-contact electrodes[J].,2005,33(5):1605-1610.
[8]
LanenEPAV.The current interruption process in vacuum analysis of the currents and voltages of current-zero measurements[C]//15th World Congress on Intelligent Transport Systems and ITS America's 2008 Annual Meeting,New York,,2008.
[10]
SugitaM,IgarashiT,KasuyaH,et al.Relationship between the voltage distribution ratio and the post arc current in double-break vacuum circuit breakers[J].,2009,37(8):1438-1445.
[11]
ZhangY,ShiZ,LiJ,et al.Simulation on the residual axial magnetic field in vacuum DC interruption based on artificial current zero[C]//International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum,,2008.
[12]
FenskiB,HeimbachM,LindmayerM,et al.Characteristics of a vacuum switching contact based on bipolar axial magnetic field[J].,2002,27(4):949-953.
[13]
ShiZ,ZhangY,WangQ,et al.Numerical investigation on residual axial magnetic field in vacuum interrupter in DC interruption based on artificial current zero[J].,2017,32(4):1915-1923.
[14]
LiuZ.Analysis of axial magnetic field characteristics of coil type axial magnetic field vacuum interrupters[J].,2007,1(1):344-347.
[15]
王仲奕,刘志远,张炫,等.五种纵向磁场真空灭弧室触头磁场特性分析比较[J].电工电能新技术,2006(1):21-25+67.WangZhongyi,LiuZhiyuan,ZhangXuan,et al.Analysis and comparison of magnetic field characteristics of five longitudinal magnetic field contacts in vacuum interrupters[J].New Electrical and ElectricalTechnology,2006(1):
[16]
尚文凯,王季梅.,1988(1):12-16.ShangWenkai,WangJimei.Study on reducing eddy current magnetic field on contact surface of vacuum interrupter[J].,1988 (1):12-16(in Chinese).
[17]
MuranoM,YanabuS,TamagawaT,et al.1976.
[18]
YanabuS,KanekoE,OkumuraH,et al.Novel electrode structure of vaccum interrupter and its practical application[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus & Systems,2007,PAS-100(4):1966-1974.
[19]
FenskiB,LindmayerM.Vacuum interrupters with axial field contacts. 3-d finite element simulation and switching experiments[J]. ,2002,4(4):407-412.
[20]
刘志远,王季梅,王政,等.铁芯式两极纵磁真空灭弧室铁芯中涡流分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2001,21(6):73-75+80.LiuZhiyuan,WangJimei,WangZheng,et al.Eddy current analysis in iron core of bipolar longitudinal magnetic vacuum interrupter[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2001,21(6):
[21]
黄志兴. 磁纳米测温系统剩余磁场分析及其消去方法[D].,2015.HuangZhixing.Magnetic field temperature measurement system residual magnetic field analysis and elimination method[D].,2015(in Chinese).
[22]
WangH,ZhouZ,TianY,et al.The influence from the residual magnetic field on the plasma dissipation in the post-arc phase in a vacuum interrupter[C]//International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum,,2016.
[23]
Al DweikatM,Huang YL,Shen XL,et al.Investigation of DC vacuum arc interruption ability with combined axial and radial magnetic field[J].Advanced Materials Research,2012,516-517:1791-1797.
[24]
董华军,司明月,郭英杰,等.触头片结构对新型带铁心的杯状纵磁真空灭弧室磁场影响仿真[J].,2018,33(11):2448-2455.DongHuajun,SiMingyue,GuoYingjie,et al.Study on the influence of the contact piece structure on the magnetic field of a new cup-shaped longitudinal magnetic vacuum interrupter with iron core[J].,2018,33(11):2448-2455(in Chinese).
[25]
LiuZ,ChengS,ZhangX,et al.An interrupting capacity model of axial magnetic field vacuum interrupters with slot type contacts[C]//Proceedings International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum,Matsue Terrsa,Matsue,,2006.
[26]
WangL,QianZ,JiaS,et al.3D time-dependent model and simulation of high-current vacuum arc in commercial axial magnetic fields vacuum interrupters[C]//Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum,Tomsk,,2012.
[27]
程显,廖敏夫,段雄英,等.双断口真空开关瞬态恢复电压分布特性的仿真与实验研究[J].,2012,32(1):171-178.ChengXian,LiaoMinfu,DuanXiongying, et al.Simulation and experimental study on transient restoration voltage distribution characteristics of double- break vacuum switch[J].,2012,32(1):171-178(in Chinese).
[28]
黄翀阳,刘晓明,董文亮,等.双断口直流真空断路器延时开断仿真分析与实验[J].,2018,38(22):6753-6759.HuangChongyang,LiuXiaoming, DongWenliang, et al.Simulation analysis and experiment of delayed breaking of double-break DC vacuum circuit breaker[J].,2018,38(22):6753-6759(in Chinese).
[29]
葛国伟,程显,廖敏夫,等.基于电流转移特性和磁吹的新型弧后电流测量装置研制[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(14):4288-4297+4335.GeGuowei,ChengXian,LiaoMinfu,et al.Development of a new back-arc current measuring device based on current transfer characteristics and magnetic blowing[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(14):