In order to evaluate seismic performance of a 1 100 kV transformer porcelain bushing,the finite element analysis(FEA) and shake table test on the 1 100 kV transformer porcelain bushing were carried out. Modal frequencies, modal shapes and acceleration, strain, displacement responses of the ultra-high voltage (UHV) bushing under matched earthquake motion excitation were acquired. FEA predicates dynamic properties and earthquake responses of the UHV porcelain bushing. Results indicate that the first 3 mode frequencies of the bushing are in the main frequency range earthquake motions, the modal shapes are bending deformations, and equivalent damping ratio is 0.009 8. Under un-axial earthquake excitation with PGA of 0.5g, the bushing survives in the test; the acceleration responses of bushings are mainly the 1st and 2nd modal vibrations. Strain responses at the diameter change section, and at the bottom of airside insulator of the bushing induced by bending deformation reach 432 micro-strains (με) and 120 micro-strains (με), respectively. Displacement responses at the top and bottom tips of the bushings arrive at 92 mm and 12 mm, respectively. The bending stiffness of the bushing flange will change rapidly, which is only 1/7 that of adjacent porcelain section.
KEY WORDS :ultra-high voltage(UHV);transformer porcelain bushing;finite element analysis(FEA);shaking table test;earthquake response;seismic performance;
试验采用白噪声(简记为Wn)。1992年美国landers地震Joshua Tree Station台站地震波经修正是符合特高压交流电气设备抗震设计反应谱的地震波(简记为EQ)[9,19-20],因此采用它作为试验的地震激励。振动台主要振动的水平方向为X方向,另一水平方向为Y方向,竖向为Z方向,见图1,X方向是振动台地震的激振方向。
图9
台面和支架顶部加速度时程和反应谱(工况EQ4)
Fig.9
Acceleration time histories and its response spectra at the shaking table platform and the top of the frame (scenario EQ4)
图10
套管加速度响应(X向,工况EQ4)
Fig.10
Acceleration time responses of the bushing (X direction, scenario EQ4)
图11
套管加速度响应放大系数包络曲线(X向,工况EQ4)
Fig.11
Envelope curve of the acceleration amplification factor of the tested bushing(X direction, scenario EQ4)
图12
空气侧瓷套根部截面变化和应变片黏贴位置
Fig.12
Diameter change at the bottom of the bushing airside insulator and the position of strain gauges installed
图13
套管空气侧瓷套底部边截面处应变响应(工况EQ4)
Fig.13
Strain responses at the diameter change section at the bottom of the airside insulator of the bushing(scenario EQ4)
[1]
刘振亚. [M]. 北京:中国电力出版社,2013:1-100.LIUZhenya. [M]. Beijing, China: China Electric Power Press, 2013: 1-100.
[2]
XIEQ, ZHU RY.Damage to electric power grid infrastructure caused by natural disasters in China-earthquake,wind and ice[J]. , 2011, 9(2): 28-36.
[3]
FUJISAKIE, TAKHIROVS, XIEQ, et al.Seismic vulnerability of power supply: Lessons learned from recent earthquake and future horizons of research[C]∥Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Structural Dynamics. Porto, , 2014: 345-350.
[4]
GOODNO BJ, GOULD NC, CALDWELLP, et al.Effects of the January 2010 Haitian earthquake on selected electrical equipment[J]. , 2011, 27(Supplement 1): 251-276.
[5]
KWASINSKIA, EIDINGERJ, TANGA, et al.Performance of electric power systems in the 2010-2011 Christchurch, New Zealand, earthquake sequence[J]. , 2014, 30(1): 205-230.
[6]
EIDINGERJ, DAVISC, TANGA, et al.M 9.0 Tohoku Earthquake March 11 2011 performance of water and power systems[R]. Oakland, USA: , 2012.
[7]
尤红兵,赵凤新. 芦山7.0级地震及电力设施破坏原因分析[J]. ,2013,34(8),100-104.YOUHongbing, ZHAOFengxin.M7.0 earthquake in Lushan and damage cause analysis of power facilities[J]. , 2013, 34(8): 100-104.
[8]
邱宁,程永峰,钟珉,等. 1 000 kV特高压交流电气设备抗震研究与展望[J]. ,2015,41(5):1732-1739.QIUNing, CHENGYongfeng, ZHONGMin, et al.Progress and prospect in seismic research of 1 000 kV UHV AC Electrical equipment[J]. , 2015, 41(5): 1732-1739.
[9]
程永峰,朱祝兵,邱宁. 特高压电气设备抗震试验共振拍波适用性及合理地震动输入研究[J]. ,2015,41(5):1753-1759.CHENGYongfeng, ZHUZhubing, QIUNing.Research of resonance beat wave applicability and reasonable seismic input used in seismic test of UHV electrical equipment[J]. , 2015, 41(5): 1753-1759.
[10]
金松安,李龙,魏劲容,等. 1 100 kV变压器套管抗震性能研究[J]. ,2016,52(3):100-104.JINSongan, LILong, WEIJinrong, et al.Study on anti-seismic performance of 1 100 kV transformer bushing[J]. , 2016, 52(3): 100-104.
[11]
谢强,马国梁,朱瑞元,等. 变压器-套管体系地震响应机理振动台试验研究[J]. ,2015,35(21):5500-5510.XIEQiang, MAGuoliang, ZHURuiyuan, et al.Shaking table test research on earthquake response mechanism of a transformer-bushing system[J]. , 2015, 35(21): 5500-5510.
[12]
马国梁,朱瑞元,谢强,等. 变压器-套管体系基础隔震振动台实验[J]. ,2017,43(4):1317-1325.MAGuoliang, ZHURuiyuan, XIEQiang, et al.Shaking table testing of a base-isolated transformer-bushing system[J]. , 2017, 43(4): 1317-1325.
[13]
GILANI AS, CHAVEZ JW, FENVES GL, et al.Seismic evaluation of 196 kV porcelain transformer bushings[R]. California, USA: Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, , 1998.
[14]
GILANI AS, WHITTAKER AS, FENVES GL, et al.Seismic evaluation and retrofit of 230 kV porcelain transformer bushings[R]. California, USA: Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, , 1999.
[15]
GILANI AS, WHITTAKER AS, FENVES GL, et al.Seismic evaluation of 550 kV porcelain transformer bushing[R]. California, USA: Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, , 1999.
[16]
中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部. 电力设施抗震设计规范:GB 50260—2013[S]. 北京:中国计划出版社,2013.China Ministry ofConstruction. Code for seismic design of electrical installations: GB 50260—2013[S]. Beijing, China: Chinese Plan Press, 2013.
[17]
Commission ElectrotechniqueInternationale(CEI), and International Electrotechnical Commission(IEC). Bushings-seismic qualification: CEI/IEC TS 61463[S], 2000.
[18]
Recommended practice for seismic design of substations: IEEEStandard 693—2005[S]. , 2006.
[19]
国家电网公司.特高压瓷绝缘电气设备抗震设计及减震安装与维护技术规程:Q/GDW 11132—2013[S]. 北京:中国电机出版社,2014.StateGrid.maintenance to energy dissipation devices: Q/GDW 11132—2013[S]. Beijing, China: China Electric Press, 2014.
[20]
谢强,马国梁,何畅,等. 1 100 kV气体绝缘开关设备瓷套管抗震性能振动台试验研究[J]. ,2016,42(8):2596-2604.XIEQiang, MAGuoliang, HEChang, et al.Shaking table test on seismic performance of 1 100 kV gas insulated switchgear porcelain bushing[J]. , 2016, 42(8): 2596-2604.
[22]
MOUSTAFA MA, MOSALAM KM.Structural Performance of porcelain and polymer post insulators in high voltage electrical switches[J]. , 2016, 30(5): 1-11.