基金项目:
国家863高技术基金项目(2014AA051901);
Project Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) (2014AA051901);
Since a new round of electricity market reform, power retailers grow up rapidly. How to participate in electricity market to bid for maximum profit becomes one of their core issues. Combined with background of power source interconnection, this paper studied strategy of comprehensive power retailers participating in market bidding under multiple user-price mechanisms. Firstly, the paper presented the comprehensive power retailer’s structure, operation, user-price mechanisms and bidding process of participating in electricity market. Then, the paper studied the important part of the bidding process, payment function model of the power retailer, as foundation for obtaining optimal bidding strategy. Finally, particle swarm optimization algorithm was used to solve the problem, and relationship between the price mechanism and the bidding strategy was analyzed. Relationship between alternative energy modes and the bidding strategy was also analyzed. Finally, the best strategy for the power retailers participating in bidding of the electricity market was obtained.
KEY WORDS :comprehensive energy;power retailer;bidding strategy;user-price mechanism;smart energy hub;
能源互联替代背景下,售电公司逐步转型为综合多种能源的服务公司,目前针对综合型能源对其核心电力事业的竞价购电策略影响的研究较少。文献[12-13]研讨了能源互联网下电能替代的发展路线及其运营模式和相关关键技术。文献[14]介绍了集成热、电、气多能源载体的能源中心。文献[15]研究了将智能能源中心(smart energy hub,SEH)安装在用户侧使用,虽涉及了能源替代关键技术,但未具体运用到售电公司端,也未有相应的研究其在电力方面的影响。
[1]
张钦,白建华,陈立斌.电力市场下基于分层可靠性服务的可靠性电价体系研究[J].,2011,35(12):165-170.ZhangQin,BaiJianhua,ChenLibin.Study on reliability pricing system in electricity market based on hierarchical reliability service[J].,2011,35(12):165-170(in Chinese).
[2]
吴政球,叶世顺,匡文凯.电力市场环境下的可靠性电价与可靠性交易[J].,2006,30(4):74-77.WuZhengqu,YeShishun,KuangWenkai.Reliability transaction and reliability pricing in electricity market environment[J].,2006,30(4):74-77(in Chinese).
[3]
BillintonR,CuiL,PanZ.Qualitative reliability considerations in the determination of performance based rates and customer service[J].,2002,149(6):640-644.
[4]
王文山,王鹤,韩英豪.电力市场中高靠性电价的设计研究[J].,2007,35(11):72-75.WangWenshan,WangHe,HanYinghao.Pricing of electricity with high reliability in electricity markets[J].,2007,35(11):72-75(in Chinese).
[5]
黄海涛. 居民分时阶梯电价联合优化模型研究[J].,2012,36(10):253-258.HuangHaitao.A joint optimization model of residential time-of-use block electricity rate[J].,2012,36(10):253-258(in Chinese).
[6]
黄海涛,张粒子,乔慧婷,等.基于变密度聚类的居民阶梯分段电量制定方法[J].,2010,34(11):111-116.HuangHaitao,ZhangLizhi,QiaoHuiting,et al.A method to determine step-shaped electricity consumption levels for residential area based on variable-density clustering[J].,2010,34(11):111-116(in Chinese).
[7]
赵会茹,王玉玮,张超,等.阶梯电价下居民峰谷分时电价测算优化模型[J].,2016,37(3):17-23.ZhaoHuiru,WangYuwei,ZhangChao,et al.Optimization model of residential time-of-use tariff calculation under multi-step electricity price[J].,2016,37(3):17-23(in Chinese).
[8]
张钦,王锡凡,王建学.需求侧实时电价下供电商购售电风险决策[J].,2010,34(3):22-27.ZhangQin,WangXifan,WangJianxue.Electricity purchasing and selling risk decision for power supplier under real-time pricing[J].,2010,34(3):22-26(in Chinese).
[10]
段登伟,刘俊勇.基于不完全信息静态博弈论的购电商竞价策略研究[J].,2003,23(7):10-14.DuanDengwei,LiuJunyong.Buyer’s bidding strategies based on the static game theory with incomplete information[J].,2003,23(7):10-14(in Chinese).
[11]
段登伟. 配电市场管制及供电公司风险规避的定价研究[D].,2005.
[12]
孙毅,许鹏,单葆国,等.售电侧改革背景下“互联网+”电能替代发展路线[J].,2016,40(12):3649-3655.SunYi,XuPeng,ShanBaoguo,et al.Road map for “Internet Plus” energy substitution in electricity retail market reform in China[J].,2016,40(12):3649-3655(in Chinese).
[13]
曾鸣,杨雍琦,李源非,等.能源互联网背景下新能源电力系统运营模式及关键技术初探[J].,2016,36(3):681-691.ZengMing,YangYongqi,LiYuanfei,et al.The preliminary research for key operation mode and technologies of electrical power system with renewable energy sources under energy internet[J].,2016,36(3):681-691(in Chinese).
[14]
GeidlM,KoeppelG,Favre-PerrodP,et al.Energy hubs for the future[J].,2007,5(1):24-30.
[15]
BahramiS,SheikhiA.From demand response in smart grid toward integrated demand response in smart energy hub[J].,2016,7(2):650-658.
附录
表1
阶梯电价数据
Tab. 1
Date of the ladder price
表2
中断补偿价格数据
Tab. 2
Date of the interrupt compensation price
表3
天然气价格数据
Tab. 3
Date of the gas price
表4
b随时段增加时的最优策略及相关参数
Tab. 4
Optimal strategy and the related parameters of the parameter b’s increasing
表5
天然气分配率与最优策略和相关参数间的关系
Tab. 5
Relationship between the natural gas distribution rate and the optimal strategy and the related parameter